How to connect devices running on GNS3 to Internet in Ubuntu/Deepin

Hello everyone, you may came in a situation where you will need to connect devices running on visualization environment like GNS3 to Internet, here are steps.

i. Launch gns3 on command line

➜  ~  sudo gns3

ii. Add devices
For this lab, am going to use one router Cisco router 7200 and Cloud which will be connecting gns3 devices to Internet via my laptop which is connected to Internet using Ethernet cable connected to router .

iii. Cabling and bridging Cloud to the to my Ethernet interface.

Right-click on Cloud and select configure, then add etho (which is interface of my laptop as generic interface of the cloud) and then Appy and save.

Now connect interface of the router to this generic interface of the cloud.

Now power on the router for further configuration.

iv. Router Configuration
Now login to the router for configuration

➜  ~  telnet 127.0.0.1 2001
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to 127.0.0.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
Connected to Dynamips VM "R1" (ID 1, type c7200) - Console port
Press ENTER to get the prompt.
ROMMON emulation microcode.

 a. Configure interface
Configure the interface to obtain IP address via dhcp of my public router (you may assign static IP also if you prefer).

R1#show ip interface brief Interface              IP-Address      OK? Method Status                Protocol
FastEthernet0/0        unassigned      YES unset  administratively down down  
R1#
R1#config tEnter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0R1(config-if)#ip address dhcp
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
R1(config-if)#

*Oct  8 13:06:28.963: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
*Oct  8 13:06:29.963: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#
*Oct  8 13:06:37.907: %DHCP-6-ADDRESS_ASSIGN: Interface FastEthernet0/0 assigned DHCP address 192.168.0.17, mask 255.255.255.0, hostname R1

R1(config-if)#

As you can see the interface is assigned 192.168.0.17 IP from the router dhcp

b. Configure default gateway

R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.0.1

Now you are able to access the internet from the router

R1#ping 8.8.8.8 

Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 160/169/196 ms
R1#

c. Further config to enable users to login to the router remotely, configure passwords and also dns configuration.

Dns configuration

R1(config)#ip domain lookup
R1(config)#ip name-server 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4

Configure password to allow remote login

R1(config)#line console 0
R1(config-line)#transport preferred none
R1(config)#line vty 0 4
R1(config-line)#transport preferred none 

R1(config)#username admin secret admin@2015
R1(config)#enable secret admin@2015
R1(config)#service password-encryption 

R1(config)#aaa new-model
R1(config)#aaa authentication login default local
R1(config)#aaa authentication enable default enable

      R1(config)#exit

      R1#wr

Ping google.com to test DNS

R1#ping google.com
Translating "google.com"...domain server (192.168.0.1) [OK]
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 41.220.141.187, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/16/28 ms
R1#

Now your good, the router is online, and anyone within your network can login.

Enjoy!!!!!.

Smokeping Configuration in Ubuntu 14.04

SmokePing is a deluxe latency measurement tool. It can measure, store and display latency, latency distribution and packet loss. SmokePing uses RRDtool to maintain a longterm data-store and to draw pretty graphs, giving up to the minute information on the state of each network connection. In this lab am going to show to configure smokeping to monitor latency for your network. Below are steps;


i. Prerequisite
This installation will require web service to be installed, for me am going to use Apache,but also it will need mail service for sending the email am going to use sendmail, run the following command to install web and mail service

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install apache2
$ sudo apt-get install sendmail

ii. Install Smokeping

$ sudo -s
#
# apt-get install smokeping

For Ubuntu 14.04: you need to install a symlink to the apache2 config

# ln -s /etc/smokeping/apache2.conf /etc/apache2/conf-available/smokeping.conf
# a2enconf smokeping

Also, the CGI module needs to be enabled in Apache:

# a2enmod cgi

Finally, reload the Apache configuration:

# service apache2 reload

Then point your web browser at

http://X.X.X.X/smokeping/smokeping.cgi

where X.X.X.X is your server IP


iii. Initial Configuration

# cd /etc/smokeping/config.d
# ls -l
Output:
total 40K
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct  1 13:12 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Oct  1 13:12 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  177 Jan 28  2014 Alerts
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  237 Jan 28  2014 Database
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  489 Jan 28  2014 General
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  225 Jan 28  2014 pathnames
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  876 Jan 28  2014 Presentation
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   50 Jan 28  2014 Probes
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  147 Jan 28  2014 Slaves
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  380 Jan 28  2014 Targets

The files that you'll need to change, at a minimum, are:
-Alerts
-General
-Probes
-Targets

a. Now open the General file with your favoirite editor (note the first capital letter)

# vim General

Change the following lines;

owner    = NOC
contact  = sysadmin@localhost
mailhost = localhost
cgiurl   = http://localhost/smokeping.cgi
# specify this to get syslog logging
syslogfacility = local5

Save the file and exit. Now let's restart the Smokeping service to verify that no mistakes have been made before going any further:

# service smokeping restart

b. Now open the Alerts file (note the first capital letter)

# vi Alerts

 
Change the following lines:

to = root@localhost
from = smokeping-alert@localhost

Save the file and exit. Restart Smokeping:

# service smokeping reload

Note: When you do some changes there is not need of restarting smokeping, just reload it for it to see configuration.


iv. Configuring monitoring of devices
For device configuration, most of configuration is done on
/etc/smokeping/config.d/Targets file.


As an example am going to configure some few devices where am going to have two groups Local devices and Public Servers,

# vi /etc/smokeping/config.d/Targets

Add the following to creates two groups:

+ LocalDevices
menu = LocalDevices
title = Local Network Devices

+ PublicServers
menu = PublicServers
title = PublicServers

Then add devices on those two groups :

+ LocalDevices
menu = LocalDevices
title = Local Network Devices

++MyGateway
menu = Gateway
title = Gateway
host = 192.168.0.1

++PrintServer
menu = PServer
title = PServer
host = 192.168.0.41

+ PublicServers
menu = PublicServers
title = PublicServers

++Google
menu = Google
title = Google
host = google.com

++Yahoo
menu = Yahoo
title = Yahoo
host = yahoo.com

++Facebook
menu = Facebook
title = Facebook
host = facebook.com

Finally the file will look like below:

*** Targets ***

probe = FPing

menu = Top
title = Network Latency Grapher
remark = Welcome to the SmokePing website of JARASYOLA Company. \
         Here you will learn all about the latency of our network.

+ Local
menu = Local
title = Local Network
#parents = owner:/Test/James location:/

#************************
# Local device monitoring
#************************

++ LocalMachine

menu = Local Machine
title = NOCServer
host = localhost
#alerts = someloss

+ LocalDevices
menu = LocalDevices
title = Local Network Devices

++MyGateway
menu = Gateway
title = Gateway
host = 192.168.0.1

++PrintServer
menu = PServer
title = PServer
host = 192.168.0.41

#**************************
#Public Server Monitoring
#**************************

+ PublicServers
menu = PublicServers
title = PublicServers

++Google
menu = Google
title = Google
host = google.com

++Yahoo
menu = Yahoo
title = Yahoo
host = yahoo.com

++Facebook
menu = Facebook
title = Facebook
host = facebook.com

OK. Let's see if we can get Smokeping to stop and start with the changes we have made, so far. Save and exit from the Targets file. Now try doing:

# service smokeping reload

If you see error messages, then read them closely and try to correct the problem in the Targets file. In addition, Smokeping is now sending log message to the file /var/log/syslog. You can view what Smokeping is saying by typing:

# tail /var/log/syslog

If you want to see all smokeping related messages in the file /var/log/syslog you can do this:

# grep smokeping /var/log/syslog

If there are no errors you can view the results of your changes by going to:

http://X.X.X.X/smokeping/smokeping.cgi

where X.X.X.X is your server IP


Your graph will look good as below;

From there you can add more devices and monitor their latency, i will explain more advanced features of smokeping on part two of this lab.

Happy monitoring.!!!

Configuring sms gateway with gammu and Kalkun on Ubuntu 14.04

Hello everyone, in this lab am going to show you how to install and configure sms gateway using gammu and Kalkun. An SMS gateway allows a computer to send or receive Short Message Service (SMS) transmissions to or from a telecommunications network.

Lab requirements
Hardware:
-A computer installed with Operating system, you can install windows, Mac or Linux operating systems, am using Ubuntu 14.04
--Modem with is supported by gammu, see supported modems here.Am using zte MF 190 in my lab.

Software:
-Gammu
    An open source program for communicating with mobile phones.It is command line sms gateway utility which allows to use all libGammu features.

-Kalkun
  Kalkun is open source web-based SMS (Short Message Service) management, it use gammu-smsd (part of gammu family) as SMS gateway engine to deliver and retrieve messages from your phone/modem.


Procedures
The lab consist two main steps
-Gammu installation
-Kalkun installation


********************
1. Gammu installation
********************

Prepare your machine
 As this is new installed Linux server, you should run the following command to prepare your server for gammu installation

sudo apt-get  update
sudo apt-get  upgrade

Install Gammu
sudo apt-get install gammu gammu-smsd

Now connect you modem and check is it is detected by running the following command

dmesg | grep tty

Output
sudo dmesg | grep tty
[    0.000000] console [tty0] enabled
[    0.827573] 00:04: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A
[  203.063947] usb 1-1: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB0
[  203.064281] usb 1-1: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB1
[  203.064416] usb 1-1: GSM modem (1-port) converter now attached to ttyUSB2

Now configure gammu, create gammrc file and add the the following

sudo vim /root/.gammurc

The file should look like

[gammu]

port = /dev/ttyUSB2
model =
connection=at115200
synchronizetime = yes
logfile = /var/log/smsdlog
logformat = nothing
use_locking =
gammuloc =

Note:
port: /dev/ttyUSB* (depends on your usb modem attached port)

Test the connection between gammu and modem by running one of the following command

a. get modem identify

sudo gammu --identify

Device               : /dev/ttyUSB2
Manufacturer         : ZTE CORPORATION
Model                : unknown (MF190)
Firmware             : BD_MF190V1.0.0B24
IMEI                 : 865720018986973
SIM IMSI             : 640045000066980

b. Send a test sms

$ sudo su
# echo "This is just a test sms" | gammu --sendsms TEXT +25571588XXXX

If you want break, press Ctrl+C...
Sending SMS 1/1....waiting for network answer..OK, message reference=16


If everything is working fine and you are able to send sms via command move to step 2 now


**********************
2. Kalkun installation
**********************

-Since Kalkun is web based sms management service, we will install LAMP (apache as website, mysql database and php) as pre-requisity

To install LAMP,use the following command

sudo apt-get install lamp-server^

or

sudo tasksel

Then select [ * ] LAMP Server, It will install all package that needed for LAMP Stack

Now configure your database

a. Create database for sms, am going to call it sms

mysql -u root -p
create database sms;


b. Import data structure for gammu into sms database

#cd /usr/share/doc/gammu/examples/sql
# ls
mysql.sql.gz  pgsql.sql.gz  sqlite.sql.gz

# gunzip mysql.sql.gz
# ls
mysql.sql  pgsql.sql.gz  sqlite.sql.gz

# mysql -u root -p sms < mysql.sql

Check if the schema is imported

# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 44
Server version: 5.5.44-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sms                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>
mysql> use sms

Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

mysql> show tables;
 
+------------------+
| Tables_in_sms    |
+------------------+
| daemons          |
| gammu            |
| inbox            |
| outbox           |
| outbox_multipart |
| pbk              |
| pbk_groups       |
| phones           |
| sentitems        |
+------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>


-Configure sms daemon

# vi /etc/gammu-smsdrc

The file should look something like

# Configuration file for Gammu SMS Daemon

# Gammu library configuration, see gammurc(5)
[gammu]
# Please configure this!
port = /dev/ttyUSB2
connection=at115200
# Debugging
#logformat = textall

# SMSD configuration, see gammu-smsdrc(5)
[smsd]
service = sql
logfile = /var/log/smsdlog
# Increase for debugging information
debuglevel = 0

# Paths where messages are stored
inboxpath = /var/spool/gammu/inbox/
outboxpath = /var/spool/gammu/outbox/
sentsmspath = /var/spool/gammu/sent/
errorsmspath = /var/spool/gammu/error/

#mysql connnection
Driver=native_mysql
User=root
Password= [Your mysql dababase password here]
PC=Localhost
Database=sms


Close and save the file.
-Run the service
# /etc/init.d/gammu-smsd start


-Check the service
#tail -f /var/log/smsdlog

b. Now download and install Kalkun
Download and extract the latest source code to your web root folder.

# cd /var/www/html
# mkdir sms
#cd sms

# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/kalkun/kalkun/0.7.1/kalkun_0.7.1.zip

#unzip kalkun_0.7.1.zip

open vim application/config/database.php and insert your mysql info, as below

$db['default']['hostname'] = "localhost";

// MySQL
$db['default']['username'] = "root";
$db['default']['password'] = "[your password here]";
$db['default']['database'] = "sms";
$db['default']['dbdriver'] = "mysql";


Change the ownership of sms folder to be accessible by apache user

#chown -R www-data:root /var/www/html/sms

Now restart apache

# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Now go to your browser http://<server IP>/sms/ and continue with installation, see below

When install is success rename or remove the install folder

Rename by the following command

# mv install/ install.bk

Finalize your installation by doing the following

a. -Open vim /etc/gammu-smsdrc and add the following line

runonreceive = /var/www/html/sms/scripts/daemon.sh

b.Edit the daemon file and its daemon.php in /scripts folder

#vim /var/www/html/sms/scripts/daemon.sh

and change to 

DAEMON=/var/www/html/sms/scripts/daemon.php

c. Add your url in your daemon.php file

#vim /var/www/html/sms/scripts/daemon.php

change the following line as below

$url = "http://localhost/sms";

Now your are good, stop and start smsd service

#/etc/init.d/gammu-smsd stop

#/etc/init.d/gammu-smsd start

Good to your browser on

http://<server ip>/sms

username is kalkun and password is kalkun.

Enjoy!!

Drop comments if you face any problems.

How to Install GNS 1.3.10 in Ubuntu 14.04/Deepin 2014.3

Graphical Network Simulator-3 (GNS3) is a software emulator for networks, launched in 2008. It allows the combination of virtual devices and real devices, and so can be used to simulate complex networks. It uses Dynamips emulation software to simulate Cisco IOS.Below are steps of how to install it on Ubuntu/Deepin from official documentation found here , which i modified a bit to match with new version GNS 1.3.10

#Run apt-get update
➜  ~  sudo apt-get update

# - Install GNS3 Python dependencies
➜  ~  sudo apt-get install python3-setuptools python3-pyqt4 python3-ws4py python3-netifaces python3-crypto


#- Install Dynmips dependencies
➜  ~  sudo apt-get install cmake libelf-dev uuid-dev libpcap-dev

# - Download and unzip GNS3 Linux source files here
Migrade to your download directory and unzip the file

➜ unzip GNS3-1.3.10.source.zip
Results:
Archive:  GNS3-1.3.10.source.zip
 extracting: dynamips-0.2.14.zip  
 extracting: iouyap-0.95.zip      
 extracting: ubridge-0.9.0.zip    
 extracting: vpcs-0.6.1.zip        
 extracting: gns3-server-1.3.10.zip
 extracting: gns3-gui-1.3.10.zip

# - Build and Install Dynamips
➜  ~ unzip dynamips-0.2.14.zip
➜  ~ cd dynamips-0.2.14
➜  ~ mkdir build
➜  ~ cd build
➜  ~ cmake ..
➜  ~ make
➜  ~ sudo make install
➜  ~ sudo setcap cap_net_admin,cap_net_raw=ep /usr/local/bin/dynamips
➜  ~ cd ../..

# - Install GNS3 Server
➜ ~ unzip gns3-server-1.3.10.zip
➜ ~ cd gns3-server-1.3.10
➜ ~ sudo python3 setup.py install
➜ ~ cd ..

# - Install GNS3 GUI
➜ ~ unzip gns3-gui-1.3.10.zip
➜ ~ cd gns3-gui-1.3.10
➜ ~ sudo python3 setup.py install
➜ ~ cd ..

# - Install IOU dependencies

➜ ~ sudo apt-get install libssl1.0.0:i386

➜ ~ sudo ln -s /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 /lib/libcrypto.so.4

➜ ~ sudo apt-get install bison

➜ ~ sudo apt-get install flex

➜ ~ git clone http://github.com/ndevilla/iniparser.git

➜ ~ cd iniparser

➜ ~ make

➜ ~ cd ..

➜ ~ sudo cp libiniparser.* /usr/lib/

➜ ~ cd iniparser

➜ ~ sudo cp libiniparser.* /usr/lib/

➜ ~ sudo cp src/iniparser.h /usr/local/include

➜ ~ sudo cp src/dictionary.h /usr/local/include

➜ ~ cd ..

# - Install GNS3 IOUYAP app (provides network support for IOU)

➜ ~ unzip iouyap-0.95.zip

➜ ~ cd iouyap-0.95

➜ ~ sudo make install

➜ ~ sudo cp iouyap /usr/local/bin

➜ ~ cd ..

# - Install VPCS

➜ ~ unzip vpcs-0.6.1.zip

➜ ~ cd vpcs-0.6.1/src

➜ ~./mk.sh

➜ ~ sudo cp vpcs /usr/local/bin

➜ ~ cd ../..

# - Install VirtualBox

➜ ~ sudo apt-get install virtualbox

# - Install Wireshark

➜ ~ sudo apt-get install wireshark

# - Install QEMU - method 1

$ sudo apt-get install qemu

# - Install QEMU - method 2 (x86 arch. only)

$ sudo apt-get install qemu-system-x86

$ sudo apt-get install qemu-utils

# - Install cpulimit

$ sudo apt-get install cpulimit

# - Start GNS3

➜ ~ gns3

Note:

Don't include ➜ ~ when copying the command as that is Deepin terminal prompt.

Enjoy!

Solved!!! The problem of wifi disconnection in Dell Latitude 7450 (7000 Series) when using Ubuntu/Deepin Linux

Friend of mine bought dell latitude 7450 which came with window 8 Pro, but because the guy is in love with Linux he installed Deepin Linux (http://www.deepin.org/) a linux distro based on Ubuntu, soon after installation he started facing problem of wifi disconnection which was so bad as sometimes the wifi forgets the password so he was supposed to retype the password every time it disconnects.
We take as challenge, and starting working with on it, where we discovered that the computer come with Intel Wireless 7265 card which has problem of loading the wifi driver in Ubuntu and all Ubuntu derivative distros.
The solution is to reinstall the drivers manually, by following the below two simple steps.

1. Download the kernel driver from this link (https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/projects/backports/stable/v3.18.1/backports-3.18.1-1.tar.xz), although the driver is based on kernel version 3.18 but it works well also for kernel 3.13 ,and save it to desktop, then run the following commands,

sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essential
cd ~/Desktop/backports-3.18.1-1
make defconfig-iwlwifi
make
sudo make install

2. Download the firmware from the following link (https://wireless.wiki.kernel.org/en/users/Drivers/iwlwifi#Firmware), from documentation they suggested to use -9 for kernel version 3.17 but because we have kernel version 3.13 we downloaded both -8,9 and 10, download them on Download folder and extract then run the following commands,

cd ~/Downloads/iwlwifi-7265-ucode-23.11.10.0
sudo mv iwlwifi*  /lib/firmware

cd ~/Downloads/iwlwifi-7265-ucode-25.228.9.0
sudo mv iwlwifi*  /lib/firmware

cd    ~/Downloads/iwlwifi-7265-ucode-22.24.8.0
sudo mv iwlwifi* /lib/firmware

sudo chmod 644 /lib/firmware/iwl*

Reboot your computer for the change to take effect.


Problem solved, Enjoy!


For more info, also check the following links
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=2261834
http://en.community.dell.com/support-forums/laptop/f/3518/t/19627199

Migrating Cacti from One Server to another (Ubuntu 12.04 to Ubuntu 14.04)

You may need to migrate cacti from one server to another due to one reason or another, i did this lab migration from ubuntu server 12.04 to 14.04, i use this HOW TO (http://lifein0and1.com/2008/05/15/migrating-cacti-from-one-server-to-another/), doing some few modification according to need. Below are steps

1. Install Cacti on the New Server
2. Turn Off Cacti at the Old Server
3. Migrate the Database
4. Copy the RRD Files as XML
5.Reconvert the XML back to RRD File
6. Activate the New Cacti


1.  Install Cacti on the New Server
a. Use the following link (http://www.unixmen.com/install-cacti-ubuntu-14-04/), after finishing installation on command line, don't go to browser until step 6 when activating the new cacti.

b. Turn-off the poller
Run the command

$ sudo vim /etc/cron.d/cacti

Disable the poller by putting the character ‘#’ in front of the crontab entry then save & quit


2. Turn Off Cacti at the Old Server
Run the command

$ sudo vim /etc/cron.d/cacti

Disable the poller by putting the character ‘#’ in front of the crontab entry then save & quit.


3. Migrate the Database
a. At the old server run the command

$ sudo mysqldump -u root  -p  cacti > ~/cacti.sql

When it asks for the password, enter the password for mysql database

b. SCP on the old data and grap the data and move it to new server.

c. On the server run the following
$ sudo mysql -u root -p cacti < ~/cacti.sql


4. Copy the RRD Files as XML
Do the following on the old server

a. Go to the directory
$ cd /var/lib/cacti/rra/

c. Run the script
$ sudo ls -1 *.rrd | awk '{print "rrdtool dump "$1" > "$1".xml"}' | sh -x

d. Tar and Gzip the XML files using the command
$ sudo tar -czvf ~/rrd.tgz *.rrd.xml


5.Reconvert the XML back to RRD File

a. SFTP into the old server and download the ‘rrd.tgz’ created in the step before

b. Move the file to the new directory
/var/lib/cacti/rra/

c. Untar the file
tar -xzvf rrd.tgz

d. Run the command
$ sudo ls -1 *.rrd.xml | sed 's/\.xml//' | awk '{print "rrdtool restore "$1".xml "$1}' | sh -x

e. Change ownership of all RRD files to www-data by running the command:
$ sudo chown www-data:www-data *.rrd


6. Activate the New Cacti

a. Visit the new site and set the mode to ‘Upgrade’
b. Reactivate the Poller

Run the command
$ sudo vi /etc/cron.d/cacti

Enable the poller by removing the character ‘#’ in front of the crontab entry then save & quit


Enjoy!